Principles Underpinning the Role of the Practitioner Essay

The standards supporting the job of the specialist working with youngsters Section 1 †Maintaining proficient connections in the multi-proficient group E1: Describe the duty of the expert in proficient connections: â€Å"Professional,† implies participating in a given action as a wellspring of employment. It additionally implies being a specialist and having or indicating extraordinary aptitude. Specialists are bound to grow great associations with partners and youngsters in the event that they can exhibit proficient gauges. â€Å"Professional practice is the aptitudes that will be expected of you to create so as to work successfully with kids. These incorporate understanding your job and duties, the capacity to build up and keep up great associations with youngsters and partners, and correspondence skills.† (Tassoni P, 2007:10) Being dependable implies that staff and kids start to depend on you, for instance specialists may design exercises or gatherings and antici pate that you should be there to help or manage kids. Solid methods doing what is anticipated from you and this can incorporate filling in as a group helping one another and being on schedule and fair. It can likewise incorporate being persevering and predictable as this shows your eagerness towards the activity job. It is imperative to be solid since youngsters can get joined to you and begin relying on you to be there. Dependability is essential in all occupations yet particularly when managing youngsters. It is critical to be on time reliably which shows you are devoted to your activity. A genuine case of this is a parent will be unable to leave for work until you show up in the setting, or a setting will be unable to open if the correct proportion of staff is available. Adaptability is basic as professionals ought to be able to meet new thoughts and activities with transparency. They ought to have the option to adjust to various educators draws near and be adaptable about the hours that they work or assignments that are given to them. For instance, an expert can help with a Year 3 presentation on the off chance that they are continually working with gathering. This shows they c an be useful just as active. Being a decent audience is profoundly significant while being a specialist. Utilizing eye to eye connection and dropping yourself down to the child’s level will cause them to feel as though you are conversing with them and not at them which won't threaten them. Professionals ought to be steady and non-critical. Genuine models incorporate rehashing back what the youngster has said to show you are tuning in, remarking and posing further inquiries utilizing non-verbal communication; specialists ought not hinder or change the subject. â€Å"You need to show kids and youngsters that you are keen on what they need to state. By looking (not gazing) at a youngster or youngster, you give them that they have your complete consideration. At times, during a discussion, they may turn away or down and this might be an indication that what they are going to state might be awkward or hard for them.† (Tassoni P, 2007:139) (356 words) E3: Explain the estimation of a multi-proficient methodology when working with kids and guardians: Multi-proficient working requires individuals from various callings and offices to cooperate towards addressing the necessities of the youngster. There are an enormous number of associations that help youngsters and their families that might be engaged with multi-organization working. So as to work successfully with different offices, it is essential to have a comprehension of what they do and how they bolster each other. â€Å"†¦professionals can share information about the family’s needs with one another so guardians don't need to be asked the woman inquiries again and again. It likewise implies that experts know about each other’s job in supporting the family thus clashing exhortation or timings of arrangements can be minimised.† (Tassoni P, 2007:11) The advantages of a multi-proficient methodology incorporate guaranteeing that youngsters get additional help for instance a learning guide or language teacher. The youngster is more secure when they are cared for by a group of experts since they can share every one of their interests and aptitude to help the kid. This methodology likewise helps children’s certainty inside the setting and advances an all encompassing methodology. It builds autonomy since youngsters are given methodologies from an assortment of experts who need the best result for the kid. The estimation of a multi-proficient methodology guarantees that the 5 results of Every Child Matters (remain safe, be solid, appreciate and accomplish, make a positive commitment and accomplish financial prosperity) are being met in light of the fact that everybody is cooperating to share data and abilities. This data will limit the danger of mistake or disregard of the youngster. The way that numerous experts are included implies that decisions made about kids are educated, exhaustive and objective. For instance if a kid is baffled and has a low focus range, this would then be able to be investigated by an instructive clinician and further move can be made from that point. A multi-proficient methodology likewise bolsters guardians. For instance a dietician can prompt guardians on the suggested admission for their kid (5 every day). In the event that a youngster is diabetic, they can assist with structuring a sound food intend to enable the kid to deal with their glucose levels. He/she can likewise connect the child’s diet with sports exercises and prompt guardians on the advantages. â€Å"There are numerous advantages for kids and families when this sort of approach is utilized as help, counsel and childcare can be custom fitted to guarantee some congruity. By and by, this may imply that guardians might have the option to leave their kids in a nursery while in a similar structure or close by they go to a child rearing class or take a more youthful infant to the wellbeing clinic.† (Tassoni P, 2007:11) (314 words) Area 2 †Developing intelligent practice E4: Describe the advantages of creating intelligent practice inside the setting: Reflective practice is giving essential consideration to the viable qualities and speculations which educate regular activities, by looking at training brilliantly and decidedly. Intelligent practice can likewise mean understanding information on something emphatically. One of the advantages of intelligent practice is permitting schools to create mindfulness, a basic aptitude all together for a setting to flourish and push ahead. For instance, if professionals are just mindful of school arrangements and not current enactments, youngsters are in danger and experts are not doing as well as can be expected to promote their insight. â€Å"An significant piece of the intelligent cycle is the way you audit your training. It is significant that the procedure of reflection is seen as positive procedure, as opposed to issues being viewed as obstructions to success.† (Tassoni P, 2007:229) Specialists should know about current enactments so as to tail them to improve their setting and know about new activities, for instance considering children’s conclusions which will cause them to feel esteemed and certain to learn. Exercises will be fascinating and kids are less inclined to lose fixation. Intelligent practice makes and viable staff group as perceptions are completed to enhance master guidance. There are open doors for individual and expert turn of events and occupation fulfillment. This advantages kids since exercises and practice is assessed to meet the children’s needs and bolster learning. It additionally benefits the setting as there is greater arrangement since shortcomings, qualities, exercises and assets are tended to which eventually is helpful for the youngsters. In conclusion, intelligent practice improves the notoriety of the setting since it could prompt a higher Ofsted report. A decent notoriety benefits the training since guardians believe in the setting and this propels their kids to learn. Youngsters will want to come to class and buckle down, hence bringing about higher evaluations and kids accomplishing more which will keep up the great notoriety of the setting. (280 words) D1: Explain the significance of intelligent practice for improving your own exhibition: As a professional, intelligent practice is critical as you can think back on a circumstance and make upgrades. You can likewise verify whether you are following the right systems. This permits the professional to develop and arrive at higher potential, as such make constant movement while looking into circumstances. Intelligent practice benefits the professional since he/she can approve and challenge existing methodologies and strategies for working. Intelligent practice would assist me with finding out my qualities and shortcomings and to adjust into new circumstances that may happen. For instance, when taking care of a circumstance where another individual from staff joins the group, intelligent practice would assist me with finding out in the event that I have helped them to settle in, so as to fabricate a decent relationship. I would need to recall and inquire as to whether I advised them abou t what to do in the setting. This would help improve associations with kids and staff. Intelligent practice would likewise assist me with identifying my preparation needs. For instance, if a kid had got lost on a school trip, I would need to consider in the event that I followed the right methods or in the event that I have to facilitate my insight in defending to develop my own learning, execution, certainty and occupation fulfillment. Intelligent practice stays up with the latest with patterns and activities, which are useful for work advancements and prospective employee meet-ups. For instance, if exercises are monotonous or uninteresting, being intelligent would urge me to research and get some answers concerning new patterns to keep the class charmed and give animating exercises. Besides, intelligent practice demonstrates a promise to needing to give a valiant effort and arrive at my maximum capacity. It is significant that I r

House-guest

To be a house-visitor there are numerous obligations, for example, plan which, an ideal house-visitor would call ahead that they are coming and focus on the time they are showing up and leaving. Visitors should realize to what extent to remain at another person's place and not remain too long to even think about making the individual who claims the house irritated of them. Another obligation Is that a visitor should accompany blessings to show appreciation. The blessing doesn't need to be something costly, just to show that you perspective them that they are letting you remain at their house.Guests should regard the host and not reveal to them that something of their home or taste sucks. Visitors should cause the host to feel great by disclosing to them how excellent their home is. Dinners is another duty house-visitors should realize that they ought not generally rely upon the host to make them food all the occasions. Visitors ought to at any rate offer for help to make the dinners or even make supper themselves to show their generosity.Privacy is a gig duty in light of the fact that the host could be as yet working and the visitor would be on vacation that they are remaining at the hosts home. The visitor should regard the way that the host Is not on a vacation and do things them self or even assistance the host out by having food prepared for them before they return home. Thankfulness Is Important for a house-visitor since that would show the host they enjoyed being there and that they really set aside the effort to value the stay thusly the host would even welcome the visitors back.

Banditos Misteriosos

Banditos Misteriosos A huge perk to living at MIT is living right across the river from Boston. See, Im from Salem OR, where the most exciting thing that happens is a new store opening up or a car crashing into a building every now and again. In Boston, however, since there are so many people and so many colleges, actual exciting things happen. The concept of a flash mob wasnt new to me, Id seen it in an episode of CSI: Miami, but there was never anything like that near where I lived. Suddenly, thrust into Boston, the flash mob became a relevant subject in my life. I started attending city-wide pillow fights, XKCD meetups, riding the T without pants on, city-wide super soaker wars, and all sorts of other fun, spontaneous, random activities. Well, yesterday was another one of those activities. A group called the Banditos Misteriosos runs flash mobs in Boston. I got an e-mail informing me that there was to be another flash mob, this time Halloween themed! Heres the gist of it: If years of Halloween-themed TV specials and music videos have taught us anything, it’s that come late October, monsters and ghouls love to get together and dance. Thus, it is with pride, that Banditos Misteriosos announces our very own Monster Mash-up! Consider this a Halloween Dance Party but with all your fellow dancers dressed as ghosts! But, to give this dance another dimension, we will be your choreographers. On October 17th, we will be releasing an instructional video, complete with dance moves and your very own mentor ghost. Specifics â€"â€"â€" Costumes: Everyone should come dressed as a ghost, bedsheet style. No white sheets, though â€" that is *so* last Halloween. Be creative! (and remember the eye holes!) Dance Moves: The instructional video will be released on our website and will teach you the dance moves that we will be doing. The choreography does not necessarily correspond to the music, but will be based on various signals. (Don’t get it? Don’t worry! It’ll make sense when you watch the video.) Learn the moves for a follow-the-leader style dance! Music: On Friday, Oct. 24th, we will post on our website the song file for the event. Download it onto an mp3 player and bring it under your ghost costume. At the given signal, press play and follow the leader! Location: TBA along with the song file. Check back on October 24th! *waitwaitwaitwaitwait* October 16th: Without further-ado, Banditos Misteriosos presents to you our very simple instructional dance video. Merely memorize the straightforward moves and you will be all set. *waitwaitwaitwaitwait* October 24th two days ago: Now that you got down the dance moves, it is with pride that we release our 2008 Monster Mashup! But before we provide you with the link to the song, please read below for important announcements: 1. The extravaganza is taking place at Christopher Columbus Park. To find the exact location of where in the park we will be dancing, merely go to this map: http://tiny.cc/monstermashup 2. Don’t come wearing the sheet. At the first sound of an airhorn, put your headphones on and throw the sheet over your head. At the second blast, press play and watch for the signals to start dancing. 3. Ghosts are good at being inconspicuous, thus, when you arrive at 1:55PM, please scatter around the park, when you hear the air-horn, throw on the sheet, hit play, and run on over to the exact location given on the map. 4. Don’t listen to the song yet. It would be horror-ble if you ruined the experience by knowing the tunes beforehand. (We apologize for our over-use of terrible puns…) 5. Finally, A big shout-out to DJ JR, for all his help in creating this fun little track. Without further-ado, right click here for the MP3! **If you are using a PC, right click and Save Taret As **If you are using a mac hold down control while clicking on the above link Sweet! Ive got my mp3, my dance moves, and a location, its time for some ghosty flash mob dancing! I had a decision to make though, dance or film. There was no way to do both, so in the end I decided to film. Its good because I was one of the only ones there taking video and not still photos. Yesterday morning Sara 12 and I headed into Boston, video camera in hand, ready to watch some ghosts. We chilled in the destination location for a while before we heard a siren. Then, this is what we saw (keep in mind, I overlayed the MP3, it was completely silent there for anybody not a ghost): *Poof!* Vanished! Another day, another flash mob. Ah the joys of living right next to a major city!

Counselor Should Be Open And Honest - 991 Words

of spirituality, persistence, forgiveness, resistance, humor, wisdom, and resilience in these children. Counselors should investigate what external factors are related to the presenting problem. Professionals help the clients define goals and ways of getting to them; Ask about ways the person, family, and friends have handled similar problems successfully; After goals have been established, counselors should collaborate with the child on treatment options; Counseling would find focus with a solution-focused and problem-solving approach may be more acceptable.† Counselor should be open and honest because it helps the clients to comfortable with speaking about their current situation. Demonstrating the respect for cultural differences makes client more appreciative of the counselor because knowing the diversity within cultures would be beneficial in knowing the right services the client would need. Children should be understand, the importance of counseling because it’s helps them to analyze why they’re in counseling in the first place. One goal of counseling children is making sure the child is knowledgeable about their culture because it is important for them to know the expectation of what their cultures is all about. Counselors should provide access to resources that will be beneficial to children learning and being competent because getting an education is an important factor in knowing the world in which they live within. These resources are helpful because counselorShow MoreRelatedEthics, No Secrets Policy and Counselor Values771 Words   |  4 PagesSanders * I believe it is unethical for the counselor to reveal anything said in individual counseling with the husband. She didn’t address a â€Å"no secrets† policy in the informed consent. Sharing this information with the wife without his permission is unethical. In marriage counseling the â€Å"no secrets† policy needs to be addressed and explained in the informed consent. Since she did not have a policy concerning this, she is bound by confidentiality which should have been in her informed consent. *Read MorePastoral Counselors Essay886 Words   |  4 PagesPRINCIPLE A: COMPETENCE Counselors, Pastoral care givers, and help givers should acquire the requisite education, which will equip them to practice the profession of their calling. Counselors should take on clients who fall within the area of their competence- areas in which they have acquired qualifying training techniques, experience and education; otherwise the case should be referred to other competent professionals. Counselors/helpers should seek to maintain competence by assessing and makingRead MoreRacial / Cultural Identity Development Model819 Words   |  4 PagesModel was constructed to help counselors to better understand what frame of mind a client was in when they came into therapy. The development of cultural and ethnic identity occurs in a stage-wise manner throughout a person’s lifetime. According to the Racial/Cultural Identity Development Model (R/CID), this process occurs in five phases and reflect an individual’s understanding of his or her relationship with the dominan t culture. These phases can guide the counselor to a better understanding ofRead MoreAn Ethical Dilemma in Counseling: Deciding Between Two Rights624 Words   |  3 Pagesdilemma can place a professional counselor in a precarious position, thereby compromising the effectiveness of the therapy, the trust in the client-practitioner relationship, and the counselors professional standing. Trying to determine the most right choice for a particular problem is of the utmost importance. Consider the following hypothetically complex ethical dilemma posed to a licensed professional counselor in the Christian Community. A Christian Counselor at a local church works with aRead MoreAssessment And End At The After Care Component1412 Words   |  6 Pagesmind to fully participate in this process. The counselor will put into place most the treatment components, goals, and must closely monitor the client for progress. The treatment plan will contain: †¢ The Assessment/Evaluation Summary: The data from the assessments from the team during the initial in-take in a report format. This summary will give baseline information as to where the problems stem from (MUSE, 2016). From this summary, the counselor will identify which types of interventions willRead MorePersonal Statement : Mental Health Counselor772 Words   |  4 PagesAs a mental health counselor in training, I look forward to continuing the process of being aware of my own beliefs and biases. I also recognize that I am human and anticipate some life issues presented by clients will present challenges that I encounter. First Issue: The first life issue that would be a challenge for me is a client who has perpetuated abuse or has been neglectful to a child. The types of abuse that would be most challenging include physical and sexual abuse, albeit all forms ofRead MoreBiblical Worldview Of Christian Counseling911 Words   |  4 Pagesimage of God he created them; male and female he created them.† With this being said, the worldview of the counselor will determine and lead them in all of the decision making process with the client. â€Å"Human beings are created in the image of God and thus possesses personality, self-transcendence, intelligence, morality, gregariousness, and creativity† (Alban Jr., 2012, p. 55). The counselor will function in these qualities as God has designed within the counseling sessions. Personality and Self-TranscendenceRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Counseling Session ( Ray, 2001 )1423 Words   |  6 PagesPeople who work as counselors must obey the laws of ethics. It would be terribly unprofessional to share other people’s problems and confer them with a third party. The individual’s intimacy must remain with the counselor only, so if you choose to share it with a professional, he must never tell other people about it. A counselor is there to provide you with the skills and empowerment needed to work through your problems, and to receive help that is effective you must be open and honest. When and individualRead MoreEssay on Counselling Interview Skills Ass. 11235 Words   |  5 Pagescounselling session are openness, supportiveness and confidence. It is important the counselor is well practiced in these characteristics in order to gain the trust of their client/s. | | Openness:An honest and open personality will invite others naturally to share with you. Remembering that prior to this encounter the counselor and client had most likely not met nor may have even spoken, in order to have other open up to you requires you to demonstrate and display the same behaviours. | | Supportiveness:EssentialRead MoreHow to Choose a College Major (Process Essay)1161 Words   |  5 Pagesultimately lead to a career you want in a place you want to live. Ask Questions The best advice we’ve found for how to choose a college major is just to ask questions. Talk to your high school guidance counselor, or if you’re already in college, consult your academic advisor or a career center counselor. Ask friends and family members about how they chose a college major or career. Finally, engage in some serious self-reflection and ask yourself questions about your past, present, and future. Some

Understanding Depression Essay examples - 2089 Words

In our never-ending quest for happiness in our life, is some of the joy taken away? Have our thoughts for what we always want turned astray? Why has the quest for happiness left us more vulnerable and sad? Are we a society of melancholy people that are all looking for happiness and disappointed with what we find? Leaving us in a state of depression and unstableness. Turning us into not only a society of dismal people, but people that are left spiritless and melancholic? In today’s society depression is referred to as the â€Å"common cold of the mental health problems.† More than 5 percent of Americans have depression, that equates to an astonishing 15 million people. It is said that 1 out of every 6 people has had a â€Å"major†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦(2) physiological disturbance, which currently focuses on the body’s neurochemical, endocrine, and limbic systems. Psychological causes are thought to include (1) family origin, which focuses on the general area of personality and its development, and on particular consequences of child rearing. (2) social influences, a broad category covering the general area of social and cultural factors, such as poverty, segregation, and sexism to name a few. Stress is another factor in depression. Stress can result from physical illness; from the inability to cope with certain life events, such as separation and loss, and from significant changes, such as marriage, and childbirth (Schwartz and Schwartz, 1993, p.3). There are certain people that are more susceptible to depression than most other people. Those are people who are more likely to become depressed out of their nature than others, some of those people include (ranking in higher susceptibility): women, men, the Baby Boom generation, elderly, teens, and children. The likelihood of women getting depression is twice as high as men. Most women have had traumatic childhood experiences that do not surface until later on in life, thus leaving them vulnerable to depression. Men are likely to get depression because it is said that men are supposed to rise above â€Å"feelings of emotion,† men often hide their sadness and that often leads to depression because they areShow MoreRelatedUnderstanding And Treating Depression1662 Words   |  7 PagesDecember 17, 2015 Understanding and Treating Depression Americans are obsessed with happiness, yet increasingly depressed. A dominant theme in our society is that you should be happy, and if you are not, there is something wrong with you. Life can be difficult at times and people do not seem to realize that everyone has different circumstances. There are about 15 million Americans that battle the disease of depression. Our society is in the throes of a virtual epidemic of depression (Psychology today)Read MoreUnderstanding Clinical Depression770 Words   |  4 Pagesour life’s, however depression is different from this occasional feelings. Depression affects everything in your life and performing easy task and daily activities become hard, you have trouble seeking the positive things and you stuck yourself in the negative side. One question we might all ask will be how do we know if we are depressed or simply just sad? In order to answer that question we first need to understand the definition of depression, in medical news today depression is defined as.† ARead MoreEssay about Understanding Depression1037 Words   |  5 Pages The term depression is widely misused in today’s society. All human beings experience periods in life where they are sad for a relatively short period of time, which is considered normal. Those who experience sadness for extended periods may be suffering from depression. 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In any six-month period, 9.4 million Americans, and 340 million people in the world, suffer from this disease. One in four women and one in 10 men will develop depressionRead MoreUnit 81196 Words   |  5 Pagesdeal with accidents, injuries and emergency situations, dealing with blood and other body fluids, reporting procedures, und erstanding moving and handling procedures and understanding how to use mechanical or electrical equipment. 1.3 analyse the main health and safety responsibilities of: Self: we have to take care of our own health and safety at all times. Understanding relevant legislation and agreed ways of working. Make sure we have relevant training and make sure you wear correct PPE

Corporate Strategy Analysis of Kraft in relation to Cadbury Acquisition Free Essays

Introduction I have been asked to investigate and evaluate Kraft’s overall corporate strategy in relation to it’s acquisition of Cadbury in 2010. Moreover, this report will also highlight some of the critical success factors that Kraft might apply to Cadbury and it will demonstrate and outline the corporate parenting role Kraft could take up in respect to Cadburys. Kraft Foods is a well known American food conglomerate with its presence in over a hundred countries. We will write a custom essay sample on Corporate Strategy Analysis of Kraft in relation to Cadbury Acquisition or any similar topic only for you Order Now The $19.5 billion (Clearly et al, 2010) takeover of Cadbury has enabled them to become the biggest confectionery and beverage giant in the world. This acquisition has enabled Kraft to expand their portfolio in terms of product offering. They now have over forty well known brands each bringing in over $100 million worth of sales each year. (Nasdaq, 2011). The Cadbury brand is well recognised around the world and they are one of the largest chocolate producers in the world, furthermore they have a well established base in the UK and abroad. Therefore by acquiring such a prestigious company with iconic brands, Kraft will be able to enhance its long term revenues and growth by strengthening their presence in developing markets such as India and Mexico. Cadbury is more of a brand led company whereas Kraft a more of a product orientated company. Cadbury as a result gives them a brand building capability which Kraft needs in order to expand overseas. From this perspective we can see quite clearly why Kraft acquired well known Cadbury. The main intention of Kraft’s takeover was so that they could get hold of Cadbury’s assets, resources and their core competencies which sets them apart from other rivals. Corporate Strategy Corporate strategy is best defined by (Lynch, 2003, p.5) as ‘ an organisations basic direction for the future: its purpose, its ambitions, its resources and how it interacts with the world in which it operates’. Likewise, (Porter, 1996 cited in Thompson, 2001, p. 15 describes it as an ‘overall plan for a diversified business’. Kraft has three corporate strategies which are: To delight global snack consumers To unleash the power of iconic heritage brands To create a performance – driven and value led organisation (Kraft, 2011) By implementing such strategies Kraft are able to manage their activities appropriately and by doing so they are able to identify the skills and competencies which are required to foster organisational growth hence drive profits. Kraft’s growth strategy is to build ‘ a global snacks powerhouse and unrivalled portfolio of brands people love’. It is essential that managers are able to effectively formulate and implement corporate level strategies’ in order to achieve corporate objectives of the firm by means of developing and sustaining competitive advantage. Management must have a clear vision in place as to where it wants to be in the long-term so it is able to identify its strategic purpose as to why the company exists. Kraft’s strategy enables managers’ to look at ways in which it can add value to the different parts of the firm. Moreover, how it can meet shareholder expectations. Kraft should effectively link its internal capabilities together with its external relations if they want their strategy to be successful in this ever changing environment. Furthermore, strategy also seems to shape organisational behaviour therefore it is vital that everyone in the organisation is focused and that they have a shared a vision because they will be more likely to be working towards the same goal. Corporate planning and strategic fit is crucial at Kraft as it enable them to conduct environmental scanning so that management can address and identify the key areas which are likely to affect the overall business strategy due to uncertainty within the market. Its purpose is to provide a bigger picture of the environment in which the business is operating in. Strategic analysis helps an organisation to identify what is happening outside of the business so that they can focus on external elements or threats that the business is likely face. This is usually done through PESTEL analysis or even a SWOT analysis so that managers can identify their strengths in comparison to their competitors so that they can improve on their weaknesses. Furthermore, it also helps them to spot opportunities within the market place so that they can expand and take advantage of change. Critical Success Factors (CSF) Also known as key success factors (KSF) best defined by (Lynch, 2003, p.102) as, â€Å"the resources, skills and attributes of an organisation that are essential to deliver success in the market place. The phrase was first introduced by Daniels in 1961 and has now become a widely studied phenomenon within the field of strategic management. Critical success factors are those business activities which must be managed and performed in order to foster organisational success. Understanding and identifying such factors are crucial as it enables managers to make the right strategic decisions. Kraft are now focussing on their top ten power brands such as Cadbury diary milk, trident gum etc to maximise revenue as they have dramatically shifted their focus towards growth in areas which contain higher margins. There are a number of critical success factors that Kraft could apply to Cadbury. Firstly, Kraft is a much stronger company than what it was 2 years ago. It has a hugh market share with an annual revenue exceeding $49.2 billion. Therefore Kraft could use Cadbury to strengthen their global base and use their core competencies to maximise profits. The market share of Kraft enables them to sustain their competitive advantage over others as they become a dominant enterprise within the confectionery market. Likewise, Kraft can use their brand strength along with Cadbury’s product range to enlarge and broaden their brand portfolio. Moreover, this will enable Kraft to distribute Cadbury’s brands in markets such as China, Brazil and Russia were Cadbury has little or no presence. This opportunity will also open up doors for Kraft so that it can grow and penetrate into India and European Union where it lacks behind. This will help it to boost sales and hopefully increase their market share. This ties in with effective supply chain networks that both companies have in place. From this perspective we can see that one of the main purpose or benefit in acquiring Cadbury was to control Cadbury’s distribution network and their infrastructure so that Kraft could use this advantage to get into developing markets where they will be able to widen their footprint by increasing their presence in international markets by offering diverse products. This opportunity has also widened their global supplier base which means that they can concentrate on economies of scale by getting their costs down as much as they can, so that they can make more profit per unit. This will enable them to leverage their costs and resources so that they can focus on operational efficiency through systems such as just in time. Corporate Parenting Role There are a number of ways in which Kraft has and could take up the corporate parenting role in respect to Cadbury. Firstly Kraft has made a hugh leap in restructuring their organisational structure, which means that decision making is no longer highly decentralized. This has enabled Kraft to be in more control over its business activities. In order to succeed in the global environment an organisation such as Kraft needs to make sure that they have the right people in the right place at the right time so that they can operate efficiently and effectively. The role of a corporate parent (headquarters) is to reinforce and implement parenting skills so that it can manage and add value to its business units. The main emphasis is so that the company can perform better compared to if it was working individually. The corporate parent can therefore make certain decisions about the portfolio of the business so it can manage global operations more efficiently. This two way process is vital because if a certain business unit or a corporate parent is not adding value to the business a decision is likely to be made by management to sell or break off a certain business section. Kraft has chosen a synergy manager approach because it enables them to manage synergies across both business platforms so that Kraft is able to manage costs and organisational resources effectively by aligning key targets which must be achieved by certain business units. As this will enable them to create synergy because two companies working together will create more value and therefore Kraft will have the opportunity to market and distribute both brands for the price of one. Kraft has estimated that around $672 million worth of expenses would be saved by working together with Cadbury. Good brand management is also an important aspect in any organisation, therefore if Kraft wants to prosper it must emphasise on knowledge management so that it can grasp and share its knowledge skills and core competencies with Cadbury. Kraft can coach and aid Cadbury in making the right decisions about product expansion in areas in which Kraft have extensive knowledge and experience. Furthermore they can help Cadbury to develop their capabilities by enabling them to improve their skills at the same time as helping them to improve on their weaknesses. Furthermore, they must effectively communicate across borders and be willing to combine research and development activities, sharing of plant and machinery, new innovative ideas market research e.g. consumer insight, talent, experience or skills. On the other hand, Kraft should avoid adding management costs and bureaucratic complexity because it is likely to hinder business performance. Conclusion An effective business strategy will always enable an organisation to thrive and prosper. By focussing on such strategic factors Kraft is able to accomplish their goals and objectives. Kraft is fully aware of the critical success factors which apply to them and those which apply to the industry. They use their capabilities and resources so that they can invest in those areas of the business which are critical for its long term success and by doing so they gain competitive advantage over others. They have paid particular attention towards their customers, as they claim to help people to live and eat better. By providing those products which customers actually want for instance on the go snacks. Therefore, one can say that it is essential that Kraft should manage their resources and capabilities if they want to succeed in the global arena. I believe that product innovation is a vital survival tool which Kraft has implemented within its business process as they are always introducing new products into the market. How to cite Corporate Strategy Analysis of Kraft in relation to Cadbury Acquisition, Essay examples

F. Scott Fitzgerald was a writer during the Jazz A Essay Example For Students

F. Scott Fitzgerald was a writer during the Jazz A Essay ge that focused on the high life of the roaring twenties. Each novel tells a different story about life. One tells about the pleasures of life and the choices people make in their life. Another gives a penetrating criticism of the moral emptiness of wealthy society in the U.S. The last novel tells the story of the general decline of the Americans living in Europe. Fitzgerald novels have deeper moral themes than people seem to understand, they tell stories of moral decline. The main characters in Fitzgeralds novels, This Side of Paradise, The Great Gatsby, and Tender Is the Night, appears to have an innate blindness to the truths of their lives, as well as to those that are around them. Fitzgeralds heroes in his novels always have a battle with moral judgment, in which Fitzgerald makes them feel godly or immortal to do works men arent supposed to do. This causes them to walk and live a blind life. In Fitzgeralds earliest novel, This Side of Paradise, the moral framework is not fully developed, and the romantic heros sin never reaches proportions sufficient to earn inevitable domination. A young man named Amory Blaine is the main focus of blindness in this novel. In Amorys earlier years of life he lives with his rich, lavish mother. First of all, her own blindness to her influence on her son is her relationship with him. He is an equal to her rather than her son.1 Amory spends most of his time with his mother. She is more his friend/companion than a mother.2, says Fitzgerald. There is also Mrs. Blaines problem with alcohol. She is an alcoholic that suffers from chronic manic depression. Each time she loses control, she leaves Amory somewhere for him to be raised by s omeone else. On the most lasting breakdown, Amory spends the rest of his childhood and his teenage years growing up in Minnesota. Fitzgerald portrays Amory as his young romantic egotist. He shows how a boy, raised on the knowledge taught by his mother, survives. Fitzgerald uses her blindness as an excuse for Amorys future conditions. As an effect of this alcoholism, Amory becomes a drunkard. In most of Fitzgeralds works, they seem to read like autobiographies of his life. In This Side of Paradise, alcoholism plays an important role. Fitzgerald went on an epic three-weeks drunk, which provided him with on of the best scenes in This Side of Paradise. As he says about Amorys drunk, done its business; he was over the first flush of pain.3 Fitzgerald then goes on to finish writing the novel with s better insight on making life better. As Amory gets older, he begins to get involved with women. This is an area where Fitzgerald, as well as critics, explain Amorys problem. Most of the time with Amory, he knows he loves the women all, but there is a point where his feelings are uncertain of his heart.4 Amory doesnt know what his heart is truly saying. Arthur Mizener ascribes to the book being immaturely imagined5 when it comes to Fitzgerald depiction of Amorys lovers.He goes on to say that Fitzgeralds characters as lovers they show all the hypnotized egocentricity and intellectua l immaturity of college freshmen.6 Rosalind was the main woman that was there for Amory most of his life. She was for him, but he kept her out of his life. Many times did they argue about the way Amory treated Rosalind. Rosalind says:I cant to Amory be shut up away from the tress and flowers, cooped up in a littlest flat, waiting for you. Youd hate me in a narrow atmosphere. Id make you hate meI wouldnt be the Rosalind you love I like the summer and pretty things7Amory knows that this is how Rosalind feels. He also knows that she is corrected on how she knows how he would react. Here he is blind to the true love for Rosalind. Early on Amory has blindness to the consequences of his lifestyle. Amory starts off as a young man that knows what to say, how to apply them, but doesnt use them for goodness. He uses them only for the advantage of getting over others. He tries his best to manipulate his way to the top.A gift of organization and command had always been a characteristic of his heroes though they had used the gift for trivial purposes.8 His life in college was no better, but as R.V.A.S. says, the book if fundamentally honest9, in explaining how honest Fitzgerald gives a reflection of American undergraduate life. Amory lives his life without thinking what could happen to him or those people that it could effect. Fitzgeralds novel, The Great Gatsby, is the next book that clearly shows the blindness of the characters. It is filled with falsehoods of Jay Gatsby. Nick Carraway is the central image of the novel, even though Gatsby is the hero. He is a character whom the reader instinctively trusts. Nick serves as the voice of the novel and the voice of the novelist. Sometimes information in the novel is filtered through several peopleNick Carraway and Jordan Baker. 10 As a result of this technique, the reader does not know what is true and what isnt in the novels tale of love and murder. Nicks slowness in learningthe truth gives an added touch of plausibility to his narration, and makes it very much more dramatic for the reader, who sees him, in the course of the novel, gradually coming to realization of what his experiences may teach him.11 Nicks curiosity for Gatsby leads to a world of false realities, but is only the beginning of the revelation of truth. He begins to get curious about who Gatsby really is. He hears lots of things about Jay Gatsby, but wants to know the truth. After many parties, Fitzgeralds storyteller becomes Gatsby closet friend. The bootlegging gangster and his blind friend transpire through understanding friendships to rekindling love. Exam 1 questions EssayDick Divers third period of melancholy is to make the world better for everyone, especially Nicole. He is a psychiatrist and Nicole is the patient. He knows that she has a mental problem. This reveals the defect of uncontrollable generosity in Dicks character. He wanted, Fitzgerald says, to be good, he wanted to kind, he wanted to be brave and wise; and he wanted to be loved, too..25 He had an extraordinary virtuosity with people the power of arousing a fascinated and uncritical love.26 This was a power of unselfishness, a power that he could use to give Nicole back her self. He felt as if he could do such an act, and was therefore blinded by his godly attitude. In this novel, again, there is a mirror image of the authors life. Fitzgeralds wife, Zelda, was the same as Dicks Nicole; both women were mentally handicapped. His concern for Zelda was matched by his fears for himself. Dick Diver is what Fitzgerald was afraid of becoming. Dicks response to Nicoles pre dicament, the very heart of the novel, derives from Fitzgeralds feelings about his own wife. Indeed, the psychoanalytic branch of criticism would make the relationship between the Divers and the Fitzgeralds still more intimate by reading the novel as a wish of fulfillment. On this interpretation, Mrs. Fitzgeralds impossible recovery is achieved through Nicole; Fitzgerald is seen to be punishing himself for his complicity in his wifes breakdown by means of Dicks ignoble end.so he based Tender Is the Night on his wifes breakdown and his fears for himself.27 Fitzgerald uses this novel to give an alternate truth to the future for Zelda and himself. F. Scott Fitzgeralds heroes and the subordinate characters have an innate blindness to the truths to their lives, as well as to those that are around them. This proves to be true in his three novels, This Side of Paradise, The Great Gatsby, and Tender Is the Night. In This Side of Paradise, he shows how Amory Blaine, the mirror image of himself, goes through his life surrounded in darkness. Fitzgerald explains how the nonchalant ways of a mother trickle down to create a son who becomes blind to women in his life and is ignorant to the possible results of his lifestyle. In The Great Gatsby Fitzgerald echoes the paradox implicit in the doctrine of original sin, the concept of man inevitably trapped by the difference between what he would desperately like to be and what he is. He expresses the true meaning of how happiness cant be bought. Fitzgeralds Tender Is the Night tells of the blindness of three people, Rosemary Hoyt, Dick and Nicole Diver. He shows the moral decline of a man who falls in love with a young girl, Rosemary, while trying to heal and make the world a better place for his wife, Nicole. F. Scott Fitzgerald affirms in his novels that his characters always have blinders on to the real world, the realities. ENDNOTES1F. Scott Fitzgerald, This Side of Paradise (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1920), p. 212Ibid., p. 213Ibid., p. 1154Ibid., p. 1175Alfred Kazin, F. Scott Fitzgerald: The Man and His Work (Cleveland: World Publishing Co., 1951), p. 296Ibid., p. 297Arthur Mizenger, The Far Side of Paradise (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1951), p. 888Ibid., p. 729Kazin, p. 48-4910Harold Bloom, Modern Critical Interpretations (New York: Chelsea House, 1986), p. 4111Ibid., p. 3512Ibid., p. 3713Ibid., p. 3814Matthew Bruccoli, New Essays on The Great Gatsby (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985), p. 4115Ibid., p. 4916F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby (New York: Scribner, 1925), p. 8917Bloom, p. 1318Ibid., p. 519F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender Is the Night (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1933), p. 4720Bloom, p.10021Matthew Bruccoli, The Composite of Tender Is the Night (University of Pittsburgh Press, 1963), p.20122Ibid., p. 20123Bloom, p. 10324Fitzgerald, Tender Is the Night, p.2325Ibid., p. 190 26Ibid., p. 19127Bruccoli, p.163 BIBLIOGRAPHYBloom, Harold. Modern Critical Interpretations: F. Scott Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1986Modern Critical Views: Fitzgerald. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1985Bruccoli, Matthew J. The Composite of Tender Is the Night. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1963New Essays on the Great Gatsby. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985Coale, Samuel Chase. F. Scott Fitzgerald. World Book Encyclopedia. 1995. vol. 7, p. 190Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. New York: Scribner Publishers, 1925Tender Is the Night. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1933This Side of Paradise. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1920Kazin, Alfred. F. Scott Fitzgerald: The Man and His Work. Cleveland: World Publishing Co., 1951Mayfield, Sara. Exiles From Paradise: Zelda and F. Scott Fitzgerald. New York: DelacortePress, 1971Mizenger, Arthur. The Far Side of Paradise. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1951Ryan, Bryan, ed. F. Sc ott Fitzgerald. Major 20th-Century Writers. Detroit: Gale ResearchInc., 1994. vol. 2: E-K, pp. 1012-1018

The Driving Pool

The Driving Pool is a compilation of three stories written by Yoko Ogawa, an award winning novelist from Japan. The Driving Pool revolves around the experiences of Aya, a young female narrator (James 1).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Driving Pool specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Aya is orphaned in a number of ways. For example, her parents are too busy in the wards and cannot create time to attend to her needs. It is against this background that Aya (who is emotionally abandoned by her parents) decide to shower Jun (a young athlete) with all her devotion and love. Jun has lived at the Light House for a decade now. Nonetheless, acquaintance does not rekindle disdain for Aya. Her feelings for Aya are not sisterly. Aya’s obsession with Jun is manifested when she spent most of her free time in the bleachers looking at Jun practice his favorite sport. When Aya is not in the bleachers, she idles around the home eager to bump into Jun. It appears that Jun feels the same way towards Aya (James 2). This tale could have had a merry ending if Aya had not subjected her loneliness and pain upon others. The seductive force of cruelty is manifested when Aya resorts to torture Rie (the youngest toddler at the orphanage) for pleasure. In spite of the fact that Aya’s actions are distressing, most of the readers are sympathetic with her deeds because they understand their origins. It seems the author has excelled in demonstrating how natural feelings can be overturned into anomalous ones and how benevolence can coexist with malevolence (James 3). It goes without saying that The Diving Pool examines the intensity of our intricate dark natures. Nevertheless, The Diving Pool does not sanitize anything in the process. It is a simple moral story that seems to suggest the impeding devastating revenge for the young woman (James 3). Majusi is the author of the internationally acclaimed book titled Black Rain. It astonishes that whenever a book dwells upon serious issues such as genocide, lynching, or Hiroshima bombing; it will frequently receive a rare evaluation irrespective of the manner in which subject at hand is presented. Black Rain focuses on a teenage girl who is caught in the middle of the radioactive â€Å"Black Rain† that ensued after Hiroshima was bombed. The writer based his novel on accounts of real-life records and dialogue with the victims of the holocaust. In his book, he manages to disclose the extent of suffering of human as a result of the atomic bomb (Schneider 1). In the novel Black Rain, the author narrates the manner in which the life of Yasuko that was altered forever as a result of the Hiroshima bombing.Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The author describes how the attack caused him periodic bouts of radiation sickness and her suspic ions that her future generations may be affected too. Ibuse presents the horrific incident with a tinge of moderate humor which he is commonly known for. His compassion to the multifaceted web of feeling in a customary community dilapidated by the devastating attack has made the Black Rain one of the most highly recognize novel (Schneider 3). The novel talks about the survivors who witnessed the Hiroshima bomb as it unfolded. Nonetheless, the writer neither asks for sympathy from the readers nor blames anyone for the event. On the contrary, but he focuses his attention on the catastrophe itself from the human point of view. The author and those around him maintain a deep sense of self-respect and significance for human life and experience which stands out in the entire days after the Hiroshima bombing. In his account, he talks about the suffering many victims had to endure during and after the bombing and his description leave the reader less than pleasant. In the Black Rain novel, the author does not hold the back the information about the bombing nor try to overwhelm the readers with cheap words to narrate the devastating outcomes of the attack. He simply employs an exceptional narrative style that describes the suffering of the victims (Schneider 4). Pregnancy Diary is the second story in this collection. To most readers, Pregnancy Diary appears to be more complicated and even bleaker. Just like the other two stories, Pregnancy Diary talks about a displaced young female narrator. The diary in question is a vivid account of a woman concerning her sister’s pregnancy. Pregnancy Diary bears semblance to the other two tales because it is filled with horrific tales. It is worthy to mention that Pregnancy Diary does not dwell upon the foetus but on revulsion, food and greed as the narrator prepares an intoxicated grapefruit jam for her sister. Pregnancy Diary reveals the emotional turmoil that the children had to endure following the tragic and untimely dea th of their parents. According to this tale, it is very difficult to establish whose delusions are prevailing in this world of emotional haziness (James 4). All women featured in Ogawa’s tales are basically numbed and emotionless as they attempt to gain power by subjecting their weaker specimens to cruel deeds. Their disturbing inertia in reaction to their limited roles is counterpoised with vicious twists and turns which the author portrays with a distinctive coolness of tone. The sense of emotional estrangement, of cultural universality as well as the use of weird disappearance cuts across the three tales (Briscoe 7). Dormitory is the last tale in this collection. Dormitory rarely qualifies as a bedtime story because it is filled with dark twists and turns in spite of the fact that there is some ray of hope as the horrific tale comes to an end. Nonetheless, Dormitory leaves many questions unanswered (James 5).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Drivi ng Pool specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For example, why is the young wife not attempting to search and save her cousin? What is behind the bizarre inertia contaminating her right from the start? What would she have found behind her cousin’s bolted door? And what exactly is happening to the landlord? In Dormitory, a woman in Tokyo is busy sewing a patchwork coverlet as she waits to join her husband in Sweden. Meanwhile, her young cousin calls to inquire if she can reside in the college dormitory where she once lived as a student. In the meantime, the manager of the hall of residence is a terminally ill amputee infatuated with body parts of healthier students. As the cousin takes residence at the college dormitory and disappears later, the narrator is drawn into a distorted world full of garish tulip colors and sickly buzzing of bees that threatens to overwhelm the ordinary daily life as a background to insanity. It seems that the author has met all the preconditions that qualify a story to be regarded as horrific (Briscoe 8). Ogawa has successfully depicted the workings of human psychology in her three tales. The author has been able to demonstrate her in-depth knowledge of psychological workings through her wonderful and well-executed pose. Reading Ogawa’s tales is synonymous to entering an illusory state that is filled with frightening scenes (Briscoe 9). The narrators of both Pregnancy Diary and The Diving Pool commit dreadful acts (poisoning an expectant woman and tormenting a young orphaned toddler). They commit these horrendous acts as if by impulse and do not care of the possible consequences of their actions. It is worthy to mention that the three tales bear similarities in terms of structure and arrogance. Nevertheless, The Diving Pool is an exceptional tale that depicts an author whose evocative, disconcerting narrative style speaks more by leaving some details unarticulated (Briscoe 9). Works Cited Briscoe, Joanna. â€Å"Dark Side of the Dormitory.† 2 Aug. 2008. Web. https://www.theguardian.com/books/2008/aug/02/fiction5. James, Victoria. â€Å"The Diving Pool, by Yoko Ogawa: Everyday Horror in Suburban Tokyo.† 8 Aug. 2008. Web. https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/reviews/the-diving-pool-by-yoko-ogawa-trans-stephen-snyder-887841.html.Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Schneider, Jessica. â€Å"Book Review: Black Rain by Masuji Ibuse.† 16 Jan. 2011. Web. This essay on The Driving Pool was written and submitted by user Tori Boyer to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings Summary

A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings Summary A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings Summary NOTE! The below paper is just an example written by one of our staff writers. If you need an original summary of A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings or a paper on a different topic, feel free to place your order. In the short story A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings by Gabriel Garcia Marquez, a Colombian writer, talks about Pelayo and Elisenda, a couple who found an old man in their yard. This man had wings. Pelayo and his wife tried communicating with him but in vain. They eventually got their neighbor woman who informed them that he was an angel who had come for their ailing child. As a result, they kept the angel in a chicken coop when their child developed a fever. At sunrise, the whole community had landed to see the angel (Marquez, 1999). In any case, when Father Gonzaga came, he announced that the man was fake. He vowed to get the genuine truth from the church’s higher court. On the other hand, news about the angel spread widely, and many people came to see it. As a result, Elisenda decided to charge a fee of five cents for one to view the angel, believing they will finally get rich. The group left when a carnival flaunting a Spider Woman arrived to the village. Observers scrutinized her, and she disclosed to them how she was transformed into a tarantula one night when she disobeyed her folks. This seemed appealing to the majority than the old winged man who could overlook the individuals around him. Along these lines, the curious villagers before long left the angel for the creepy-crawly, leaving the yard of Pelayo. Afterwards, Pelayo and Elisenda constructed a mansion with all the cash they had gathered and ignored the angel, consequently keeping their child from drawing near to the chicken coop (Marquez, 1999). Ultimately, the elderly person turned into a piece of their life, and they never again dreaded him. The kid could visit him regularly. Inevitably, the chicken coop broke, and they enabled him to move around their home, even though it caused Elisenda much pain. At last, Elisenda watched him fly away to her extraordinary help. A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings Characters The Old Man The old man in the A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings story appeared in the yard of Pelayo and Elisenda looking squalid and tousled. He had wings and could communicate in an unknown language that nobody could understand. His wings and incoherent language prompted a few people to accept that he was an angel and the church to think he was a Norwegian. Pelayo He is the spouse to Elsenda. He is an unfortunate and ordinary resident who hesitantly shielded the winged elderly man in his chicken coop. Pelayo protected the elderly man against harm by modestly consulting the village priest. However, he could oppose progressively indulgent advice he got from different locals. Elisenda She is the spouse of Pelayo. Elisenda persuades Pelayo to charge residents to see the elderly person, yet, later believes him to be a nuisance. A reasonable lady, she fundamentally worries about the welfare of Pelayo and their kid and is consequently relieved when the old man at last leaves. Father Gonzaga He is an authority figure in the community who acts as a priest. He willingly volunteered to observe whether the elderly person is an angel as the townsfolk accept or only a human with wings. Father Gonzaga is doubtful that the grimy elderly person could be a messenger from heavens, yet he obediently reports the occasion to his superiors in the church. The Neighbor Woman She is the bossy neighbor to Pelayo and Elisenda. The savvy neighbor lady appeared to be more similar to a silly know-it-all than a good advisor and is the first to recommend that the elderly person is an incapacitated holy messenger. She went ahead to advise Pelayo to club the old man to death. This way he would keep him from taking Pelayo and Elisenda’s child. The Spider Woman The spider woman is depicted as the monstrosity show attraction who visits the village. The spider lady had the body of a colossal creepy crawly and the head of a miserable young lady. A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings Themes Theme 1: faith Faith is one of the essential themes in A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings short story. People in this community show an inconsistency of faith. In the story A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings, Marquez focuses on the weakness of the faith of people. The author adds the angel as a symbol of faith in God. However, despite this evidence, the villagers questioned the mundane external characteristics of the angel. According to Marquez (1999), the angel seemed too much of a human. When the spider woman, who was another mythical creature, arrived in town, the villagers lost their interest in the old man. Additionally, Marquez states that the villagers asked her all sorts of questions about her as she narrated her story. As a result, the villagers believed her story behind her transformation, unlike the old man who ignored everyone around him. However, the villagers did not have any factual evidence. Theme 2: supernatural Another theme evident in the story is supernatural. Here, the old man is viewed as creepy, supernatural or spiritual. However, the village priest needs time to consult. However, according to the crowd and the neighbor woman, the old man is an angel. Theme 3: suffering Suffering is another theme portrayed in the story. The old man enters the yard in bad condition that seems to get even worse. The old man is also subjected to many questions from the curious villagers. He is trapped in a chicken coop, poked, prodded and neglected. A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings Symbolism In the A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings story, Marquez has used symbolism to convey a deep meaning to the story The old man with wings One of the most visible symbols is the old man with wings. Here, this old man is perceived to be an angel. He is used to symbolizing the unknown or unfamiliar that seems to be appearing in the civilized community (Marquez, 1999). However, the angel in the story is not treated like other heaven-sent creatures. The angel, in this perspective, symbolizes the faith people have in whatever they believe. As a result, apart from the many wings that the angel had, the people were not entirely convinced he was an angel. The chicken coop The chicken coop, as used in A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings short story, is equally symbolic. It is used to show the boxed belief that the people in this community have. When people from different places came to know that the old man was an angel, they could plug and prod the old man in an attempt to test who he was. However, the old man did not meet their expectations. This is a clear indication that this community has boxed its ideas into what they believe. The spider woman According to the story, the spider woman is another symbol. She is used to showing the introduction of another freak of nature. This woman shows the faith that people of this community had and how they could easily be swayed when the unique creature arrived in their community. As a result, the people shifted their attention to the spider woman who could eat mothballs and ignored the existence of the old man. A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings Analysis In the A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings, Mrquez has utilized a few inventive diversions from the primary storyline to make the interpretation progressively subtle. Amid the story diversions, the techniques and themes that are used turn out to be indistinguishably entwined. The old man is the main character in the story with each event bearing on him. Notwithstanding, the conduct, appearance, personality and the attention given to the old man is hindered repeatedly by shifts of focus to different characters, which are, once in a while, named and depicted finally (Marquez, 1999). The noticeable quality of the storyteller occupies the readers. The story falters between the perspective of the omniscient storyteller and that of local people, independently and collectively. For example, Father Gonzaga reveals his questions about the old man. The readers of A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings children’s story appear to occupy a place that is better than that of its characters, who view old people as jokesters and accept that their neighbors have supernatural powers. The attitude of the readers is critical concerning the role of invention and interpretation. The reader acknowledges innovativeness in itself and makes sense of how to perceive its advantaged position in the story. The redirections from the basic storyline give innovation need over closure or action. The reader approaches the interpretation carefully, as attributing symbolic characteristics to either the elderly person or his baffling vanishing may be acts of inconsequential analysis. References Marquez, G. G. (1999). A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings.Leaf Storm and Other Stories.

Maria Full of Grace by Joshua Marston Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Maria Full of Grace by Joshua Marston - Essay Example Convinced that the job is easy and with great rewards, Maria flies to the USA with approximately sixty-tow pellets of cocaine that she swallowed, in her stomach. Nonetheless, not all the plans seemed to work as scheduled. Maria lands herself in a dangerous and deadly world where those who smuggle drugs face serious penalties including imprisonment or death sentence. Maria falls into the trap of Franklin who introduced her to the smuggling of cocaine. However, Franklin does not tell her directly regarding the smuggling of cocaine but, rather, gives her a business proposition involving traveling from one place to another. The traveling offered by Franklin is meant to give Maria some extra money to help catering for her family that has been depending on the meager salary obtained from the flower garden. Nevertheless, the traveling involved smuggling of drugs from one place to another in order to obtain the rewards promised by Franklin (Snyder 58). The fact that Maria gets pregnant from a man (Juan) she does not love compounds her problems. Even though she uses her pregnancy to avoid being X-rayed in a bid to finding out whether she is a drug mule following her suspicious movement, other mules find themselves in trouble, and this makes Maria escapes with Blanca. In the process, the traffickers kill Lucy as they open her up to retrieve the drug pellets (Snyder 89). When Maria and Blanca go to Lucy’s sister house to live there, they do inform her of Lucy’s death. Narrative Structure In a bid to pass his message, Joshua Marston creates a tension-filled drama of a woman who goes into smuggling of drugs due to poverty. The young energetic woman does all she can to pull herself out of the doldrums of poverty whilst also ensuring that every member of the family receives all the basic needs. Joshua Marston’s film does not spare the viewers of the frightening scenes and dimensions of being a drug mule. Such frightening scenes include swallowing of the 6 2 cocaine pellets, explosion of cocaine pellet in one of the co-workers leading to her death, as well as pressures from both drug dealers in the US and customs officers. In addition, the film director attempts to narrate the same ideas through bringing in death, dangers, betrayal, and violence that are common in societies (Snyder). Through Maria, Joshua Marston brings out the idea of courage and determination that every individual should possess. There is no doubt that Joshua displays a humanistic picture of a young woman’s solitary life that is ready to accomplish her mission, irrespective of the method applicable. According to her, the result justifies the means, contrary to the usual moral way of the society where the means should justify the result. The author narrates about such a life within the looming shadows of economic and cultural crises, with special reference to the United States of America. It is undeniable that a strong political statement is applicable in narr ating the whole story in which there is the creation of a universal plight of the main characters through bringing together the personal, social, and political aspects of the whole scenario. At the end, the film director dramatizes connections, as well as contradictions existing between political realities in the

Introduction to Microeconomics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Introduction to Microeconomics - Essay Example This replaces Highly Skilled Migrant Programme (HSMP) that was in force earlier. Tier II: Under this, skilled workers get entry in the UK, who have a ready job offer. This essentially replaces Work Permit rules granted to workers in UK. Tier III: This fulfills the need of lower skilled requirement of workers to meet temporary shortages in the labour market. This has now been tilted in favour of EU migrants only. Tier IV: This specifies the needs of students who want to study in UK and get enriched with skill and knowledge. Tier V: This is a general category as per the agreement with other countries to allow youth mobility and purely as a temporary work permit. Skilled migration has played a pivotal role to keep economy of UK buoyant and competitive. Doctors, engineers, scientists, MBAs, fall under the category of highly skilled individuals who were encouraged to immigrate and remain in UK since 2002. The problem arose because government imposed a cap which affects migration in this c ategory. From April 2011, the Government has decided to impose a permanent restriction on skilled immigration replacing Tier 1 (General) category with a new 'exceptional talent' visa. Currently the Government has stopped accepting new applications from the people outside of the UK. (Highly Skilled†¦) There have been serious concerns on levels of immigration after the worldwide economic downturn in 2008. The UK imposed no cap on immigration from the previous Eastern Bloc Countries that joined the EU in 2004. There has been a significant growth in Eastern European migration at the expense of non EU migration. Total immigration between the year 2004 and 2010 can be observed in below mentioned illustration. Surprisingly, it was highest in the year 2005. The year 2009 and 2010 do not show any drastic increase in immigration population so as to make any serious concern and any unemployment issue for locals cannot be seen having any linkages to any increase in immigrant population. To tal long-term international migration estimates, UK, 2000–2010 Source: ONS, Long-Term International Migration Statistical Bulletin–Migration Statistics, Page 5 In fact, non EU migrants have got the biggest hit owing to Government efforts to quell public concerns over immigration. Because of the EU Law, government is not in a position to restrict immigration from EU Countries and what UK needs is the migration of highly skilled workers from non EU countries. The UK Government has declared a permanent ceiling of 21,700 on skilled immigration to be applicable in April 2011. Further, investors, entrepreneurs, and 'exceptionally talented' individuals will get entry under Tier 1 and Tier 2 will be restricted to graduate level occupations. Entrepreneurs and investors will have no restriction whatsoever that can come to the UK with certain net worth. It will be pertinent to note that in 2009, UK issued 50,000 visas to non-EU citizens under Tier 1 category. Present cap of 21,70 0 visas in the highly skilled category is a substantial cut if seen from the perspective of visas issued in the year 2009. Shortage of Skilled Workers It will be interesting to see what business leaders say about the shortage of skilled workers. Ignacio Galan, the owner of Scottish Power Ltd has shown apprehension that UK’s plan to improve power-generation and to embark on renewable energy projects will be seriously hampered by the shortage of engineers.

Corporate Social Responsibility And Competitive Advantage Theories Management Essay

Corporate Social Responsibility And Competitive Advantage Theories Management Essay Corporate social responsibility (CSR), also known as corporate responsibility, corporate citizenship, responsible business, sustainable responsible business (SRB), or corporate social performance, is a form of corporate self-regulation integrated into a business model. ¼Ã‹â€ Wood, D. 1991 ¼Ã¢â‚¬ ° Kotler and Lee (2005) thought CSR is a commitment to community well-being through discretionary business practices and contributions of corporate resources. Ccorporate social responsibility includes human rights, employee rights, stakeholder rights, environmental protection, community relations, transparency and corruption. (Frynas, 2005) Competitive Advantage Competitive advantage is generally believed that the company holds the trumps in resources, capacity, and value created for customers, profit levels and market share and so on. Barney (1991) said a firm is said to have a competitive advantage when it is implementing a value creating strategy not simultaneously being implemented by any current or potential competitors. The basis of a competitive advantage comprises low costs for raw materials and energy, efficient production technologies and locational advantages.(Torsten Frohwein, Bernd Hansjurgens,2005). The opportunities for competitive advantages derive from the following implications: regulation and information.(A. B. Jaffe, R. G. Newell, R. N. Stavins,2001) The relationship of CSR CA Porte (1995) identifies the objectives of environmental improvements and enhanced competitiveness can be combined in a win-win situation. There is no consensus that the relationship of Corporate Social Responsibility and Competitive Advantage. In this paper, the relationship between CSR stakeholders is analyzed. A model of CSR contribution to competitive advantage was built so as to study the relationship between CSR CA. CSR is divided into the main stakeholders investors, employees, consumers, business partners, natural environment, community and government responsibility, using the description of corporate social responsibility and stakeholder theory framework. The essay described the competitive advantage from three dimensions: strategic resources, enterprise core competencies and business environment according to the comprehensive theory of competitive advantage. Main body CSR Enterprise Strategic Resources Barney (1991) analyzed competitive advantages from point of view of resources: Valuable, Rare, Imperfectly Imitable and Non-Substitutable. This essay selected two closely related resources with CSR to analyze: corporate reputation and corporate personnel. CSR Corporate Reputation Olins (1990) said that corporate reputation might be extended to a large range of product brands. Balmer (1998) Pointed out that corporate reputation finally is able to bring competitive advantage for enterprises and it is an important strategic resource. Corporate reputation comes from stakeholders; therefore, companies must be responsible to its stakeholders. That means CSR could effect corporate reputation, thus affecting t competitive advantage. Conversely, good reputation will also help companies to promote corporate social responsibility. Since the reputation determines attitude of the public and generates more favorable effect. Some multinational companies with high reputation, such as Wal-Mart, Starbucks, Nike and McDonalds fulfilled corporate social responsibility in brand-building to rebuild corporate reputation, image and corporate culture, thus enhanced the influence of brand. From a long-term perspective, corporate social responsibility is more conducive to enhance the long-term development and public image. CSR corporate personnel From the point of human resources, human capital is the basis for competitiveness. Staffs including employees and employers are makers, implementers, innovators and evaluators of core competitiveness of enterprises. Business survival and development depends on initiative and creativity of staff. Staff is the driving force for the development. Staff is a powerful competitive advantage to obtain protection. An enterprise survival depends on staff. Therefore, how to retain staff and how to develop staffs contribution of core competitiveness is the core issue. Companies must not only provide employees with reasonable salary and benefits, but also need to create equality, non-discrimination, safety and health, continuing training, working environment. All these are responsibility that enterprises must bear to employees. Staff loyalty and satisfaction result in competitively in the market. The enterprises fulfill their social responsibilities to their staff, such as attracting staff, retaining staff and stimulating creativity, which would have a positive impact. CSR Core Competencies CSR risk control capabilities Risk control is that managers have taken various measures and methods to eliminate or reduce various possibilities of risk, or to reduce losses caused by the incident. CSR that enterprise lead to its stakeholders could reduce the possibility and losses of risk, while appropriate penalties could be subject to ignoring the social responsibility. CSR business innovation Business innovation means such new methods or procedures that an enterprise uses its skills and resources to build new technology and products so that customer requirements can be changed or provide in better response. Business innovation includes product innovation, production process innovation and management innovation. Enterprises create new products and services by innovation to access to excess profits rather than average profit and win in the competition. Therefore, enhancing business innovation can obtain competitive advantage. In 2007, the British consulting firm Account Ability and CSR Network conducted Corporate Social Responsibility Assessment, and British Petroleum was ranking first. BP has also invested $20 million to reduce carbon dioxide emissions to resolve the problem in order to mitigate global warming. The result of carbon dioxide emissions was reduced by 10%in 2001 compared to 1990. And it also received $560 million of value-added returns. Therefore, CSR will stimulate innovation and bring benefits for enterprises. CSR the corporate environment A good relationship with stakeholders helps enterprises to expand market, win opportunities so as to form competitive advantage. CSR Consumer CSR the Natural Environment CSR Business Partners CSR Community CSR Government model Competitive Advantages Business partner Community Government Consumer Natural Environment Staff Corporate Environment Competencies environment mpetencies Transformation and Influence between CSR CA CSR can be transformed into competitive advantages. First, corporate social responsibility is good for optimizing the living environment. Corporate social responsibility can help corporations avoid condemnation, punishment and restrictions from government, community and the public so that decision-making and management are flexibility and autonomy. Maybe they enjoy preferential policies and incentives by government. Second, enterprises carry out their social responsibility to improve the public image, advance enterprises visibility, reputation, enhance social harmony, to attract consumers. All these can create a broader market and better development. Third, corporate social responsibility can cross international barriers. At present, corporate social responsibility has become accepted indicators of high standards and strict requirements. In an increasing economic globalization, corporate social responsibility would help enterprises to international markets, reduce the impact of social responsibility and enhance and upgrade competitiveness in the international market. Fourth, corporate social responsibility will help to attract talent. Corporations regularly involved in social responsibility are more well-known to easily recruit and retain talent. Fifth, corporate social responsibility will help improve financial performance, because Investors are always interested in responsible corporation.

How write a compare contrast essay Essay

The Elements of a Compare-contrast Essay What is comparison? Explaining the similarities or points of connection between two ideas, people, or things to give the reader a deeper understanding of each What Is contrasting? Explalnlng the differences or points of disconnection between two Ideas, people, or Adapted from Webster’s Third New International Dictionary On what subjects can I write a successful compare-contrast essay? Your subjects will need to each be significant in their own right to merit discussion. They will also need to have some sort of relationship to each other so that showing hem side by side allows the reader to learn more about each. In other words, there must be a reason to compare them. Here are some reasons to compare and contrast. To consider two subjects side by side and show their distinctions. To choose between two things. To explain one subject In terms of another. What are the types of compare-contrast essays? Wrltlng Strategies for a Persuasive Essay 1. Read the question or essay prompt. Identify your topics and be sure that you understand what each really is. You may need to do a little research to be clear on this. 2. Decide what your purpose for writing is (to show distinctions, to choose, to xplain). 3. Develop a thesis statement. Remember that a thesis statement must be more than â€Å"X and Y have many differences and similarities. † Your thesis should reflect which purpose you chose. Example: â€Å"Examining the similarities and differences between the work of Hemingway and Fitzgerald allows us to see how the contexts of their lives affected their work. † 4. Decide what your points of similarity (connection) and difference (disconnection) will be. 5. Research! Find relevant, credible publications, web sites, and individuals that offer evidence that supports your tnesls ana nosen poln ts 0T connection ana Olsconnectlon. 6 The style in which compare-contrast essays are written Compare-contrast essays are similar to persuasive essays in a couple key ways: Point of view Level of personal voice Point of View and Personal Voice in Persuasive Essays A compare-contrast essay is almost always formal academic essay in which the writer presents a thesis, or. In most formal academic writing, the proper point of view for the essay is third person (using the pronouns he, she, it, they). It is 0K to use first person (l, me, we) in the conclusion INCORRECT: First person I think that Fitzgerald and Hemingway share many similarities despite their very different use of descriptive language. CORRECT: Third person Fitzgerald and Hemingway share many similarities despite their very different use of descriptive language. Evidence ; Citations Compare-contrast essays rely on a lot of direct evidence from several sources. You will need to quote extensively to be successful. Why use quotes? 1 . They demonstrate you read the available information closely. 2. They serve as concrete evidence to support your position 3. They demonstrate a deeper level of understanding, which is persuasive to readers. Where can evidence come from? What can I quote from? Books, films, newspaper articles, credible websites, newscasts, etc. What cant I use? Wikipedia, encyclopedias, other student essays, interviews with non-experts, etc. How snou10 1 weave In quotes ana The S-C-C-C Format evidence? This is a very useful format for citations if you are not very familiar with citations and need to practice a tried and true method. As writers become experienced with citations, they can move away from this format and mix elements up as they see fit. 1 . Set it up. Set up the context that the quote is from, so that the reader knows when nd where the quote is from and who is doing the speaking/writing. 2. Citation. Write the quote out, in quotation marks. 3. Commentary: Explain how the quote supports your argument. (Commenting on the quote. ) 4. Commentary: further commenting on the quote EXAMPLE: According to a recent article in the Seattle Times,† seemingly sure bet that higher education will pay off can be upended by any number of factors: broken marriages, illnesses, lost Jobs, substandard schools and unrealized dreams. † (With no way out of trouble, more students likely to default, October 6, 2008). Students sed to feel that borrowing for college was always going to pay off, no matter what happened. Now, many are finding it harder to pay it back due to many factors. The Embedded Citation This is useful when you would prefer to pick out very small phrases to prove your points. Write your own sentence beginning, include the quote, and write your own sentence ending. The quote flows into and out of the sentence. EXAMPLE: Borrowing to pay for higher education used to be seen as a â€Å"sure bet† but now some students are finding that their plans to repay student loans can be disrupted by â€Å"†¦ oken marriages, illnesses, lost Jobs, substandard schools and unrealized dreams. † (With no way out of trouble, more students likely to default, October 6, 2008). These unexpected obstacles may repayment difficult if not impossible How to Write Commentary Of all the skills students must learn in writing, writing commentary is considered the most difficult. Writing comment ary means giving your own opinion and interpretation aoout sometnlng, wnlcn requlres a nlgner level 0T tnlnKlng tnan most students are used to using. Using commentary makes an essay interesting to read and shows that ou can analyze and evaluate information. When you write commentary, you are commenting on a point you have made with evidence. Synonyms for commentary: analysis – breaking an idea into its parts interpretation – reading between the lines of an idea insight – adding personal experience to the explanation of an idea evaluation – judging the quality or validity of an idea explication/explanation – explaining what an idea means discussion – – explaining what an idea means speculation – trying to predict what will happen if an action is taken or an idea is accepted Source: Jane Schaeffer Publications, Style Analysis (1998) The Basic Outline for a Compare-contrast Essay Example of a Subject by Subject Essay Introduction Thesis statement: Despite the fact that television and radio are distinctly different media, they use similar strategies to appeal to their audiences. Television Audiences Point One: Techniques for appealing to men Point Two: Techniques for appealing to women Point Three: Techniques for appealing to children Raalo Aualences Techniques for appealing to men Point One. Techniques for appealing to women Point Two. Conclusion: Restatement of thesis or review of key points. Source: Kirszner and Mandell (1998). Example of a Point by Point Essay Thesis statement: While both Republicans, presidential candidate Mr. X is definitely more conservative than presidential candidate Mr. Y is. Fiscal Policy Mr. Y Gun Control Abortion Welfare I ransltlons Think of a transition as a bridge from one thought or idea to another. It shows how one sentence or idea relates to another and also directs the thinking to a new focus. A transition may be one word, a short phrase, a sentence or entire paragraph. The following list cites several transition words and phrases and their meaning. Meaning Transitions Along the same direction of thought and, also, besides, furthermore, in addition, for the same reason, whereupon, moreover, whereby, indeed, similarly, likewise, but Contrast but, yet, instead, nevertheless, notwithstanding, still, although, whereas, on the contrary, not only, but also Comparison in fact, indeed, moreover, than, as†¦ as, so†¦ as. Affirmative alternative or, anyhow, moreover, still, else, whereas, whether, either†¦ or. Negative alternative nor, neither, however, instead, otherwise, on the contrary, nevertheless, except that, only, whereas, neither†¦ nor. Cause, result, reason or, so, accordingly, as a result, hence, as, consequently, thereby, therefore, thus, that, so that, inasmuch as, in order that, since, whereas, why. Condition although, as if, as though, though, provided, providing, unless, if, lest, once. Example for example, in fact, indeed, for instance, namely Exception although, in so far as, though, unless, while, notwithstanding, in fact that. Time henceforth, meanwhile, than, next, once, as long as, as soon as, before, once, since, until, when, whenever, while, at length, first†¦ second†¦ third, till.

Nestle Distribution Channel

Table of Contents Sr. No. | Title| Page Number| 1| Introduction| 2| 2| Distribution Channels Structure| 2| 3| Terms of Appointment and Incentives for Distribution Channels| 3| 4| Reporting, Control and evaluation system for their sales force| 5| 7| Recommendations and Conclusion| 5| 8| References & Bibliography| 6| Introduction: Success toady in the competitive world has become very difficult. This is because it does not solely depend on basic factors but on all the factors related to the organisation.Earlier it was possible for an organisation to dominate in the market but today due to lot of different methods, channels and modern tools for marketing and functioning of the organisation, the world has become very competitive. In this assignment the author is concentrating on two major players in this competition, the distribution channels and the sales force. The company in discussion here is Nestle UK and the product for narrow research is Nestle’s own most successful bra nd â€Å"Kit Kat†.Nestle homes itself in Switzerland since 1867 today is one of the world’s most successful organisation in the FMCG category. www. total-logistics. eu. com, accessed 08 August 2010) It started its UK activities around 100years before and started their own manufacturing unit. Today Nestle has 8 manufacturing plants in UK with two head offices in Croydon and Dublin. (www. nestle. co. uk, accessed 08 August 2010) Distribution Channels Structure: According to Brassington and Pettitt, a channel structure is a route selected in order to move the product to the market through different intermediaries. This is the distribution channel structure which proves vital for the smooth movement of the product and making it available to the end consumer.Distribution Channel Structure forms the fourth element of the Marketing mix for any product. The ‘Place’ element, and therefore it becomes an important factor. There are various channels of distribution ad opted by various companies according to their product requirement and strategies. Apart from the above said vital function of a distribution channel, it has various other functions like: 1. Gathering market information which includes market research that helps future market planning. 2. Searching potential buyers and communicating them. 3. Doing promotional activities. 4. Achieving buyer specific demands and requirements. 5.Deciding on offers and pricing issues. 6. Storage and transportation of goods. 7. Managing funds required for functioning of the distribution channels. (www. tutor2u. net) Nestle adopted a strategy that their products should be made available in all the parts of UK and that they should not be falling behind for the supply, basically called as the ‘whenever’, ‘wherever’, ‘however’ strategy of distribution. In order to achieve this they needed a strong distribution network which supported their strategy and was cost effective. According to marketing department of Nestle UK they had analysed the following different channels of distribution.Single Tier Distribution Network: Producer – Retailer – Consumer Two Tier Distribution Network: Producer – Distributor – Retailer – Consumer Multi-Channel Distribution Network: Producer – Distributor – Regional Distributor – Wholesaler/Retailer – Consumer (www. nestle. com, accessed 08 August 2010) Owing to the huge retail market in UK the single tier distribution was almost impossible for Nestle to adopt as the distribution for Nestle directly would have become very complicated and the product strategy could not have been achieved.So they opted for multi-channel distribution network and appointed their own major distribution points at Bardon in Leicestershire and York in North Yorkshire. Bardon handles the food and beverage industry of Nestle in UK and York handles the confectionery industry of Nestle. The product in discussion here is Kit Kat which is distributed from York distribution centre. The physical distribution is done by trucks carrying composite palettes. The transportation is appointed by Nestle and is dedicated only for Nestle. York is a huge hub of confectionery and has heavy storage capacity to cater the market needs.Kit Kat being highly popular in the market there is continuous distribution running round the clock for Nestle. The demand in the market though fluctuating is handsome and so Nestle deals with it very efficiently. This generates high profit for Nestle as compared to other products. Nestle has their own regional distribution depots which are so placed that they cover the whole of UK. Kit Kat is transported from the national distribution centre at York to the regional depots as and when the requirement is put on. These regional depots then supply pallets of Kit Kat to the whole sellers in the market.In UK Asda, Tesco, Sainsbury’s, Waitrose, Morrisons, etc. are the major wholesalers those purchase huge stock from Nestle. (www. nestle. com, accessed 08 August 2010) All this is supplied from the regional depots. These whole sellers are direct retailers as well. So Kit Kat reaches the consumers from them as well as from small off license and small retailer shops. Terms of Appointment and Incentives for Distribution Channels: The distribution channels and its elements are all a part of the distribution strategy for any product.In order for the smooth functioning of the channel there are some terms and conditions between the company and the distributor. This is an agreement between the two over the products. The following are the mainly considered point in the appointment of any distributor as per UK law. 1. The Parties: are the guarantors needed for any obligations of the distributor 2. Territory/Products: The place and its boundary that the distributor is allotted for sale. The products the distributor is allowed to sale and many tim es the clause of new products that they get added automatically or new agreement has to be done each time. 3.Nature of Appointment: The company may reserve right to sell the product directly in the same territory or if needed can appoint a new distributor in the same territory. This point can be a complete no or flexible. 4. Duration of Appointment: The length of agreement or contract between the company and the distributor, as in fixed term or short term. If the contract is short term then the notice period has to specified, if it is a fixed term then the exact duration needs to be specified. There can be a linkage of the duration to the distributors performance say above a certain level then certain duration if not then discontinue.There also can be a probation period allotted for the distributor wherein the performance can be evaluated and then agreement can be decided. 5. Obligation of or restrictions on distributor: These are generally related to the sales, promotion and advert ising of the product. The rights can be kept by the company or can be given to the distributor. This point also refers to any requirements for sales in the territory say government licenses, quality certificates, pollution certificates, food and drug licenses, etc. The agreement also clearly states the cost bearer of all these permissions and licenses e. . the company or the distributor. This also covers for any taxes or duties that need to be paid for any particular territory, etc. 6. Intellectual Property: This point in the agreement covers for any patents, trademarks, particular registered designs, technical know-how, and other product related factors held by the company. This point covers for the permission needed if any by the distributor to use product factors for selling. Also the need of any license to use certain elements that the distributor needs to take before taking the distributorship.In some cases like if the trademarks are owned by the company the distributors are ap pointed as the registered users. 7. Termination: This covers the termination period and conditions in which termination can take place from both sides the company and the distributor. The notice period before the termination, if termination is due to some underperformance then any rectification time that is allotted to improve, etc. is a part of this clause. 8. Effect of Termination: In case of termination of the agreement the effect of it on the existing orders, stock already at the distributor, etc. elated information comes under this clause. If the distributor needs to sale the stock back to the company, what will be the cost at which he can sale? All these terms are covered under this point. 9. Notices: In some cases the headquarters are not in UK, so the jurisdiction of the territory may need a UK address for the notice. This is cleared under Notices point. 10. Arbitration: This applies only if needed. And if needed, the language and the place of arbitration are clearly mention ed in the agreement. 11. Relevant Law: This covers for any specific laws those required for the agreement.The jurisdiction of the territory is fixed. Many times the parent company is in other jurisdiction or vice versa, so the binding jurisdiction is decided and clearly mentioned in the agreement. 12. Notification: Some territories may require additional registration or notification in the local registering bodies; this is also mentioned in the agreement. (Weise, 2007) These are some standard and basic points covered in any appointment of distributorship. Nestle also follows the local law and has these sort of agreements are done with their distributors.Nestle incentives are very tempting for its distributors as nestle opts for win-win situation strategy. This helps them to keep the product moving always. Majorly two types of incentives are given to the distributors. Sales based commission in percentage of sales target achieved and holiday packages to exclusive tourist locations. (D emirag, 2010) The first one is major of the two as it depends on the performance of the distributor, the more the sales the more the commission. This is purely in the hands of the distributors so it is easy for them to achieve more incentives.These incentives affect major sales of any product. Reporting, Control and evaluation system for their sales force: Salesforce plays another vital role with distribution channels because it is a major element of the distribution network that works individually. Any organisation should have a proper channel of reporting, control and evaluation of the sales force. Salesforce management is of utmost importance as they face the customers directly and hence the reputation of any company is somewhat dependent on them.Success or failure is somewhat directly related to salesforce performance (Venugopal, 2006), therefore proper reporting, control and evaluation of the same needs to be very strong and clear in any organisation. (Muczyk and Myron, 1987, e t al cited Venugopal, 2006). Reporting of sales force is completely dependent on the hierarchy of the organisation and it differs from country to country and organisation to organisation. The reporting is from daily to weekly to monthly basis. Reporting is done by filling forms or computer generated sheets, emails and now a days through software.Reporting is usually to the regional managers in the sales department. (Marks, 2008) Software’s are becoming popular as the data can be available for the senior management to evaluate and check anytime they want. Salesforce performance needs to be evaluated through various methods in order to achieve maximum sales. Marks in his book explains’ about the evaluation techniques and methods of salesforce. Monthly audits and performance mapping of individual person in the sales team gives a clear idea of the performance of each individual. This helps the sales manager to design his team and decide the future actions and plans.Target setting also can be done with useful data from evaluation process. Based on this evaluation the salesforce needs to be compensated with rewards. This serves as motivation to work more efficiently. Regular training and meeting with senior and experienced staff helps improve selling methods and way of work. For Nestle the sales team has monthly orders from the big wholesalers like Tesco, Asda, Sainsbury’s, Waitrose, etc. Kit Kat being highly popular it comparatively easy for the sales team to achieve the set target due to high demand as a result of the popularity.They work on credit accounts that are opened initially after a small credit check and then the terms of credit period and payments are decided. Recommendations and Conclusions: Overview of Nestle UK concludes at a point that they have one of the best practices in the functioning of the product process in the market for Kit Kat. The only recommendation is that use of the railway network in UK in order to fast supply of the goods and reduction in time factor. This will improve their efficiency in the market and they can achieve the target sales smoothly without any shortages.In order to have a healthy business salesforce need to be motivated and kept happy. They are the major players in getting the business for any organisation. (Zoltners, Sinha, Lorimer, 2004) Any organisation selling product is complete only if they have a proper distribution structure and effective and efficient sales team. (Johnston and Marshall, 2010)